Telescope sight



April 27, 1937. F. A. KUHN TELEscoPE SIGHT Filed Feb. 8, 1955 Sn lg \9 n k N .S5

INVENTOR Ma, JW

RNV k M mw mw mn ATTORNEY Patented pr. '1937" UNITED STATES'A PATENT oFFicE 2.018.858' 'r'ELEscorE slcn'r Application February 8, l1935, Serial No. 5,567

' 13 claims. (ci. ca -505)( My invention relates to `a telescope sight for a riiie or other firearm and more especially to a telescope sight suitable for use on high power hunting rifles.

A telescope sight, in order to be effective, must be so mounted, on the firearm with which it used,

as to be capable of adjustment to bring the point of impact into coincidence with the point of aim at the desired range. In the case of telescope l sights intended primarily for shooting at paper targets these adjustments are effected by the mounts or supports by means of which the telescope sights are secured on the iirearm. In the case o f telescope sights for hunting ries the adjustments are effected sometimes by the mounts,

or other supports in which the telescope is received, and sometimes by internal adjustment of the reticuleor sighting part of the telescope, the l is customary to mount target telescope sights so as to be slidable intheir mounts, that is to'say, the

, usual taget telescope sight is free to slide in a direction V.coinciding with its axis, the inertia of the telescope keeping the same comparatively still while the rifle on which it is mounted moves backwardly due to the recoil. .Before firing the next shot the rieman pulls the telescope back into its normal position.

It is not convenient to mount hunting telescope sights so as to be slidable in their mounts, chiefly for the reason that whereas a target shooter has plenty of time to move the telescope sight back intoits normal position, after each shot, and to check the position of the same, the

hunter is generallymequired to use his rifle in the field with littleif any opportunity for inspection and correction, in fact hunting conditions are generally such that hours or even days may be spent trailing game which, when nally overtaken must be brought down in a matter of perhaps a few seconds or the opportunity lost.

..45 As a result hunting telescope sights are' adjusted and set for some particular. distance and thereafter, when attached to a rie, are intended to remain inI fixed position and to require no adjustments. j

Ihave found that 'in such cases. as wherelthe mount, for a hunting telescope sight, is .made adjustable, lfor elevation or windage or both, the .inertia of the telescope is great enough, during the ring of the rie, to disturb these adjustments andthat `mounts made heavy enough to be any degree eective against this inertia add excessive weight to the rifle. ,One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide a telescope sight of the hunting type in Awhich adjustments for elevation or windage, in the telescope vmount, are eliminated so that the mount maybe of relatively light weight and may absorb the recoil energy imparted to the telescope sight without Vany danger of a change in adjustment.

In a more specific aspect it is an object of the 'invention to bring about a form of telescope sight in which corrections for elevation and windage are taken care of in the telescope itself. This I prefer to dov by making thereticule of the telescope adjustable' vertically and horizontally. Thus the mechanism provided -for sight adjustment is not called onto absorb the energy imparted to the telescope as a whole, during the recoil of the rifle or other firearm, and the chance of change in adjustment is eliminated.

Another object of the 4invention is .to bring about a form of mechanism for adjusting the reticule.- vertically and horizontally, by means of which positive movements of adjustment are possible and in which the reticule after adjustment is held rigidly against accidental change.

. A feature of the invention resides in a form of 1 reticule adjusting mechanism which is relatively compact and which is carried in and closely adjac'ent the tube of the telescope so that injury, or accidental change in sight setting, due to contact with external objects, during the usel of the rifle or other iirearm on which the telescope is mounted, are largely eliminated.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combination of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawing,- 1

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View partly in section of a telescope sight, according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line 2-2 of i Mge 4 Fig. 3 is a sectional view along 1in F18. 1:

Fig. .4 is aview'taken in the direction 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a part of the improved I structure;

Fig. 6 is a view of the underside of the part shown in Fig. `5; y

Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are end views of parts of the improved structure as will appear hereinafter, and

' Figs. 10 and`1l are plan and end views respecl tively'of a part of the improved structure, Figs.

2-6 inclusive andFlgs. 10'and 11 being on enlarged scales as compared to Figs. 1 and 7-9 inclusive.

Referring now to the drawing, in which I have illustrated my invention by showing a preferred embodiment of the same, the reference character 2| indicates, in general, the improved telescope sight which, in this instance, includes a barrel or tube 2|, containing the optical system of the telescope, which forms no part of the present inventionand will not be described herein in detail, except as may become necessary to a proper understanding of the invention.

Mounted within the tube 2|, is a reticule holder 22, having at one end, in this instance the forward end, a. reticule ring 23, to which cross hairs 24 are attached, in any usual or suitable manner the holder 22 being in the form of a hollow cylinder and counterbored at 25, toreceive ring 23. The rear end of the holder 22 is slotted transversely at 26, to form arms 21 and 28, between which the faces 29 and 30, of guide 3|, are received in a sliding fit, the faces 32 and 33, of guide 3|, being at right angles to faces 29 and 30 and received in a sliding fit between the arms 34 and 35, formed by the vertical slot 36, in the forward end of a thickened part of the telescope tube, in this instance formed by the relatively heavy lens supporting tube 31.

The guide 3| is shown particularly in Fig. 8,

the latter being an end view, the guide being generally in the form of a cylinder and having its peripheral surface flattened at 29, 30, 32; and 33, to form the guiding faces. Face29 is parallel to face 30, while face 32 is parallel to face 33, faces.29' and .30 being at right angles to faces 32 and 33. `liig. 7 is end view of the lens tube 31, taken from the forward end of the tube or, as viewed in Fig. 2, the right hand end. The slot 36 in the forward end of the tube 311s of rectangular cross-sectional shape. Fig. 9 is an end view of the rear end of the reticule holder 22 or, as viewed in Fig. 2, this view is taken from the left hand end of the holder. The slot 26 in the rear end of the reticule holder 22 is likewise of rectangular cross-sectional shape. The guide 3|, as shown in Fig. 2, is mounted between the tube 31 and the reticule holder 22, in slots 26 and 3,6, and controls the movement of the reticule holder 22, restricting the latter to either a vertical or a horizontal direction. During the vertical movement the guide 3| slides in the vertical slot 36, in tube 31, while during the horizontal movement the holder moves horizontally with respect to the guide, the arms 21 and 23, of holder 22, sliding on faces 29 and 30, of guide 3|'. 'I'he wires of the cross .hair 24 are at right angles to'the faces 29, 30, 32and 33, that is to say, the-vertical wire of the cross hair is at right angles to faces 29 and 30, and parallel to faces 32 and 33,'while the horizontal wire is at right angles to faces 32 and 33, and parallel to faces 29 and 38. Thus the movement of the reticule holder is restricted to a movement in the direction of one or the other of the cross hairs. v l

For the purpose of producing movement of the reticule holder 22, in a vertical direction.. the holder is bored and threaded at 38, for the reception of the threaded stem 39, of screw 40,

the screw 40 extending upwardly through opening 4|, in tube 2|. Screw 40 is, provided with a radial flange 42, forming a shoulder which bears against ,a flat horizontal face 43, formed near the bottom of elevation screw housing 44. Housing 44 is shown particularly in Figs. 5 and 6, Fig.l l

t the tube 2| and secured thereon by screws 45 and 46. Screw 45 is mounted in an opening 41, at the rear end of plate 44, and extends downwardly through tube 2| and is threaded in tube 31, the opening 41 being counterbored to receive the screw head 48. Screw 46 is mounted in the forward end of the plate 44, in an opening 49, and extends downwardly through the tube 2|, and is threaded in the relatively heavy wall 50, of lens holder 5|, mounted in tube 2 just ahead of reticule holder 22, the opening 49 being counterbored to vreceive the head 52 of screw 46. The flat horizontal face 43, on the under side of the housing, is formed by milling out the plate 44 and is of sufficient depth to receive the flange 42, the flange being received between the tube 2| and face 43. Outwardly from ange 42 the screw 48 is of non-circular shape, in this instance being of rectangular cross-sectional shape, the stem 53 extends upwardly through an opening 54, in housing 44, the opening 54 being elongated circumferentially of the tube 2|, as is the opening 4|l in tube 2| On the upper outer end of stem 53 is a screw head or hand piece 55, in the form of a disc, knurled on its peripheral edge 56, for ease of operation, and having an axial opening 51, of rectangular cross-sectional shape, which fits and is received on the stem 53. The housing 44 is provided with an` upwardly facing relatively wide and shallow slot 58, in which the hand piece 55 is received, the latter being secured on stem 53, of screw 4|), by a screw 59, which passes through a washer 60, and is threaded in an axial opening 6|, of stem 53. The washer 60 is generally of saucer-like shape with a concave side abutting the upper surface 62, of hand piece 55, which if desired may be counterbored to receive the washer. The screw 59 by contact with washer 60 forces the hand piece 55 downwardly on stem 53 into contact with the flat horizontal face 63, forming the bottom of slot 58, and draws the screw 40 upwardly, until the iiange 42 contacts .with the face 43, on the under side of the housing. In this manner endwise movement of screw 40 is prevented, it being understood that faces 43 and 63 are parallel, so that the hand piece and screw are free to rotate and move `horizontally to the'extent of the circumferential elongation of the openings 4| and 54,' the horizontal movement being brought about by the' vhousing 44, the latter being of less width than the diameter of the hand piece so that the latter extends outwardly from the housing at either side thereof, whereby the knurled edge 56 may be engaged by the hand of .the operator, to produce rotation of the hand piece and screw 48.

The mechanism for producing lateral Vor .at right angles to that of screw 40, the axes of both screws being radialvwith respect to the axis of reticule holder 22, and thus radial with respect to the axis ofthe tube 2|, when the reticule holder 22 is adjusted into position concentric with respect to the ,-tube 2|. Windage screw 66, intermediate its ends is4 provided with a radial flange 68, forming a shoulder which bears against a flat vertical face 69, formed near the inner side of windage screw housing 16. Housing 1li is, in this instance, sub# stantially identical with respect to housing 49, and is shaped to t against and secured on the tube 2|, in the same manner as housing M. Out# wardly from ange 68, the screw 66 is provided with a stem 1|, which extends outwardly through an opening 12, in housing 1li, openings 61 and 12 being elongated circumferentially of tube 2|. The 'stem 1| -is of rectangular cross-sectional shape and receives on its outer end a hand piece 13, the latter being similar to hand piece 55,v

which passes through a washer 1|?, and is` threaded into stem 1|. The washer 15 is similar to washer 68 and bears against the outer surface 11, of hand piece 13, to force the latter downwardly on stem 1|, into contact with the face4 18, at the bottom of slot 14, and to draw the flange 58 against the housing lface 69.

Endwise movement of screw 66 is prevented by the contact of ange 68 and hand piece 13 with the vertical parallel faces 69 andD 18, onthe opposite sides of housing 16. As thescrew is rotated, by means of hand'piece13, the reticule holder moves towards one or the other side of the tube 2i, depending on the direction of rotation of the screw, the latter being threaded into or out' of the and 63, of housing M. The openings 4| and 54,y

especially the opening 4|, prevent movement` of the holder 22, and screw 40, longitudinally of tube 2|, through engagement of the 'screw 40,

with the circumferential edges of the openings, in which respept they are assisted by hand piece 55, the peripheral edge 56 of the latter being f carried 'betweenthe side edges of the slot 58.

Endwise or longitudinal movement of holder 2,2, with respect to tube 2|, is also .prevented by the co-operation of screw66, 'and openings 51 and 12, and the hand piece 13, carried between the side edges of slot 14. During the vertical adjustment of theholder 22, the screw 55 moves vertically in the openings 61 and 12, the ange 68 From the' above description it will be readily ator, through the hand piece.

f and hand piece 13 sliding on the vertical faces A 89 and 18 respectively, of housing 18.

understood that vertical adjustments, of the reticule holder 22, and thus the reticule, are

brought 'about by rotation-of the hand piece 55, and thus the screw 40, in the proper direction, horizontal movements being brought about by rotation of hand piece 13. In either case the holder acts as a nut, being held against rotation by guide 3|, the holder 22 moving along the rotated screw, and carrying the other screw with it.

Preferably the hand pieces 55 and 13 are graduated on their outer faces, the hand piece 13 being' graduated at 19 (Fig. l) the hand piece 55 being graduated in a similar manner. Pointers or indicators 80 and 8|, on the forward ends of housings 44 and 10, form convenient reference points for checking the positions of the hand pieces and for carrying out predetermined changes in sight setting. In the form shown the at 84 and 85, and, byvcontact with the forward ends of the housings, prevent'rotation of the pointers or indicators about screws 82 and 87,3.

, For convenience in adjusting the reticule, and to assist in holding the elevation and wndage screws against'rotation, the hand pieces 55 and h 13 are counterbored, on their inner faces, to receive a part of a click mechanism which will now be describedl This mechanism is shown particu'- larly in connection with the elevation screw, but

it will be understood that a similar mechanism is provided for the windage screw Aas well. Received in the counterbore 86, inthe lower face of hand piece 55, is-a relatively thin disc 81, preferably made out of hardened steel, and having an axially located rectangular opening 88, shaped to nt and received on the stem 53, the screw 40, hand piece 55, and disc 81 rotatingtogether. The lower face 89, of disc 81, is ush with the bottom of the hand piece 55, and provided with a number of radial grooves 90, which. as the hand piece, and thereby the disc, are rotated, are entered by an indentation or rib 9|, on click spring 92.

Click spring 92 is of ring-Llkeshape and is received in an annular groove 93, sunk into housing 44, through face 63, the housing being slotted vertically at 94 and 95, to receive the radially inwardly directed tongues 96 and 91, of click spring 92,- the tongues holding the spring against rotation. Preferably the spring 92 is arched, as

shown in Fig. 11, the Hspring being flattened in groove, by the pressure of disc 81, the resiliency of the spring holding the rib 9| in contact more pressure is required'to move the rib out of a groove, thanis required 'torotate the hand piece when the rib is in contact with the disc ble to` move the handy piece a groove, or half graduation at a time, the graduations bearing such a relation to the pitch of the screws that predetermined corrections of sight setting may be readily made.

In order to lock the hand pieces, after adjustment thereof, the hand pieces are grooved on their-peripheral edges, as at 98 and 99, washers |00 and IUI being provided, which enter the grooves and, through downward movement ofI screws |02 and |03, which pass through the washers, serve to force the hand pieces downwardly intotight contact with the housings. The screws |02 and |03 pass downwardly through the housings and tubey 2| and are threaded in lens tube 31, the housings being counterbored to receive the washers.

It will be readily understood that during the vertical adjustment, of the reticule holder 22, by

screw 40, the arms 21 and 28, of the holder 22,-

carry the guide 3| with the holderVthe guide sliding in the groove 36, of the lens tube 3l. During the horizontal adjustment of the holder 22 the latter slides on guide 3|, the arms 21 and 28moving along faces 29 and 30. In order to prevent backlash, or other looseness or play, the guide 3| fits into grooves 26 and 36 relatively tightly, while the threaded stems 39 and 65 are likewise received in a tight fit within their respective threaded openings in holder 22.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that the same is not to be limited to all the details shown but is capable of modication and variation within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, a vertical screw mounted on the casing and threaded in the holder, a horizontal screw mounted on the casing and threaded in the holder,.a guide mounted for vertical movement only in the casing and said. holder being mounted for horizontal movement only on the guide.

2. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule means mounted on the screw for drawing the" lhand piece 'against the first of the faces and the flange against the second of the faces.

3. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, means for adjusting the holder in a vertical direction, and means for adjusting the holder in a horizontal direction, one of said means comprising a housing mounted on the casing, an adjusting screw threaded in the holder and extending outwardly through openings in the casing and housing, said openings being of greater length circumferentially of theA between the grooves. For this reason it is possiscrew threaded in the holder and extending outwardly through the casing, a housing mounted on the casing, said housing having upper and lower horizontal faces and an .opening through which a part of the screw extends, a horizontal adjusting screw threaded in the holder and extending outwardly through the casing, a second housing mounted on the casing and having inner,

and outer vertical faces and an opening through which a part of the horizontal Vscrew extends, the openings for said screws -in the casing and housing being of greater length circumferentially of the casing than the screw diameters, hand pieces one on the outer'ends lof each of said' screws, each hand piece bearing against the outer faces of the respective housings, and means on the screws bearing against the inner faces of the housings.

5. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, a reticule mounted thereon and xed to move therewith, means inthe casing for supporting the holder for vertical and horizontal movements and means carried by the casing for effecting the vertical and horizontal movements of the holder, said means including a pair of adjusting screws mounted in the casing and threaded in the holder, the axes of the screws being generally radial vwith respect to the casing and at right angles to each other, and means for mounting said screws'on the casing for rotational movement about their respective axes and for movement of each screw in the direction of the threaded in the holder to adjust the position ofv the latter with respect to the casing, a disc-like head on said screw adapted to rotate the same to i effect the movement of the holder, and means for locking the screw against movement upon adjustment thereof, said means including a screw threaded in the casing and a washer on the last named screw, there being a peripheral groove in the disc-like head into which the washer extends.

7. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, said casing having a thickened part spaced from the holder, a guide in the space between the holder and the thickened part, said guide being generally square in outline, the sides of the square forming a pair of oppositely disposed horizontal faces, and a pair of oppositely disposed vertical faces, a pair of spaced arms on the holder engaging one of the pairs of faces to limit the movement of the-guide and holder with respect to one another to the direction of the faces engaged by the arms, and a pair of arms on the thickened" part engaging the other pair of oppositely disposed faces to limit the movement of the guide with respect to the thickened part to the direction of the faces engaged by the arms on the thickened part, and means independent of the guideand in direct engagement with the holder for moving the latter in vertical and horizontal directions.

8. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, an adjusting screw threaded ir said holder and extending outwardly throughthexcasing. a housing mounted on the casing, said housing having inner and outer parallelrfaces in planes perpendicular to the screw axis and an opening through which a part of the screw extends, a hand piece mounted on the outer end ofthe screw and bearing against one of the faces, co-operative means on said hand piece and screw for restraining the hand' piece and geraete y and flange into a relatively tight engagement with the housing faces.

9. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, an adjusting screw threaded in said holder and extending outwardly through the casing, a housingmounted on the casing, said' housing having inner and outer parallel faces in planes perpendicular to the screw axis, and an opening through which a part of the screw extends, a hand piece mounted on the outer end of the screw and bearing against one of the faces, a flange on a screw bearing against the other face and a saucer-like washer mounted on said screw 4and bearing against the hand piece to force the latter axially of the screw towards the flange to bring the flange and handr` piece into tight engagement with the respective faces.

l0. In a telescope sight, a casing, a reticule holder in the casing, an adjusting screw threaded in the holder and extending outwardly through the casing, a housing mounted on the casing and having a radially outwardly facing transverse slot of rectangular cross section, the slot having a flat bottom which is in a plane perpendicular to the screw axis and vertical sides which are parallel to one another and -to the screw axis, a

disc-like hand piece mounted on the outer end piece is rotated, and means for producing motion of the holder ina direction at right angles to the screw axis, the hand piece sliding on the bottom of the transverse slot between-the vertical slot sides during such motion.

11. In a telescope sight, a casing, a generally 4hollow cylindrical reticule holder, a reticule secured on said holder for movement therewith, a

and extending outwardly through the casing, and means for mounting each screw for rotation about its axis and for lateral movement in a direction at right angles to the axis, including disc-like heads, one for each screwthere being relatively flat faces formed externally of the housing and at right angles to one another on which the disc-like heads may slide during the movement of the screws at right angles to their axes.

l2. In a telescope sight, ay casing, a reticule holder in the casing, a vertical screw threaded in the reticule holder, means for mounting said screw on the casing for rotational movement about the screw axis and transverse movement at right angles to the screw axis, a horizontal screw threaded in the holder, means for mounting the horizontal screw on the casing for rotational movement about the screw axis and transverse movement at right angles thereto, and means mounted in the casing and engaging the reticule holder to prevent movement thereof except in the direction of the screw axes.

13. In a telescope sight, a tubular casing, a

"reticule holding in the casing, a tubular element mounted within the bore of said casing and extending towards said holder, a guide in said casing between the holder and the tubular element, said guide being generally square in outline, the sides of the square forming a pair of oppositely disposed normally horizontal faces and a pair of oppositely disposed normally vertical faces, a pair of spaced arms en the holder having paral- -lel faces engaging one of the pairs of faces of the guide to limit the movement of the guide and holder with respect to one another to the direction of the faces engaged by the arms, and a pair of arms on the tubular element having parallel faces engaging the other pair of oppositely disposed faces on the guide to limit the movement of the guide with respect to the tubular element to the direction of the faces engaged by the arms on the tubular element, and means for effecting l movement of the reticule holder in the directions of the faces on the guide.

FREDERICK ALBERT KUHN. 

